Political Science · Public Administration
UGC NET June 2025 Political Science
Rensis Likert considers 'Management Systems 1-4' as a model of management. These are:
- 1. Participative System
- 2. Consultative System
- 3. Benevolent-Authoritative
- 4. Exploitative-Authoritative
- 5. Maturity-Immaturity
A1, 2, 4 & 5 only
B2, 3, 4 & 5 only
C1, 3, 4 & 5 only
D1, 2, 3 & 4 only ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 & 4 only — Likert's management systems are participative, consultative, benevolent-authoritative and exploitative-authoritative, so the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4 only.
Explanation
★Likert's management systems are participative, consultative, benevolent-authoritative and exploitative-authoritative, so the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4 only.
★Rensis Likert classified management into four systems by their style of authority and control.
★System 1 is exploitative-authoritative, ruling by fear with power held at the top.
★System 2 is benevolent-authoritative, top-down but softened by a paternal touch.
★System 3 is consultative, where managers seek subordinates' views before deciding.
★System 4 is participative, built on trust, teamwork and shared decision-making.
★Maturity-immaturity is Chris Argyris's idea, not Likert's, so the correct set is 1, 2, 3 and 4 only.
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