History · From State to Empire
UGC NET December 2021 History (Shift-I)
Passage
On conquering Kalinga the Beloved of the Gods felt remorse, for when an independent country is conquered the slaughter, death and deportation of the people is extremely grievous to the Beloved of the Gods and weighs heavily on his mind. What is even more deplorable to the Beloved of the Gods is that those who dwell there, whether brahmanas, shramanas, or those of other sects, or householders who show obedience to their teachers and behave well and devotedly towards their friends, acquaintances, colleagues, relatives, slaves and servants, all suffer violence, murder and separation from their loved ones. Today if a hundredth or a thousandth part of those people who were killed or died or were deported when Kalinga was annexed were to suffer similarly, it would weigh heavily on the mind of the Beloved of the Gods. The Beloved of the Gods considers victory by dhamma to be the foremost victory.
The above passage, which deals with Ashoka's Kalinga victory, belongs to which Rock Edict?
A11th Major Rock Edict
B12th Major Rock Edict
C13th Major Rock Edict ✓ Correct
D10th Major Rock Edict
Correct answer: (C) 13th Major Rock Edict — It belongs to the 13th Major Rock Edict, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★It belongs to the 13th Major Rock Edict, so that is the answer.
★The above passage dealing with Ashoka's Kalinga victory belongs to the 13th Major Rock Edict.
★This edict describes the horrors of the Kalinga war and Ashoka's remorse.
★It marks his turn from physical conquest to conquest by Dhamma.
★It also names the five Hellenic kings as his contemporaries.
★So the passage is from the 13th Major Rock Edict.
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