Political Science · Political Institutions in India
UGC NET January 2026 Political Science
The establishment of a Federal Railway Authority to look after the administration of railways was provided by the
ACharter Act of 1813
BIndian Councils Act of 1909
CIndian Councils Act of 1892
DGovernment of India Act of 1935 ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Government of India Act of 1935 — The establishment of a Federal Railway Authority to administer the railways was provided by the Government of India Act of 1935, which is option (4).
Explanation
★The establishment of a Federal Railway Authority to administer the railways was provided by the Government of India Act of 1935, which is option (4).
★The 1935 Act sought to bring the administration of railways under a federal framework for more organised management and control.
★The Federal Railway Authority was designed to run the railways with a degree of independence from direct political control.
★This was part of the broader reorganisation of the governance of India under the 1935 Act.
★The Government of India Act 1935 was the last major piece of constitutional legislation enacted by the British Parliament for India.
★It introduced provincial autonomy, abolishing the dyarchy that the 1919 Act had created in the provinces.
★It proposed an all India federation of the provinces and the princely states, with dyarchy now placed at the Centre.
★The federal part dealing with the princely states never came into force, so only the provincial part operated.
★It also provided for a Federal Court and for the Reserve Bank of India.
★The option Charter Act of 1813 is wrong, since it dealt with the East India Company's trade monopoly, not railways.
★The option Indian Councils Act of 1909 is wrong, since it introduced separate electorates, not a railway authority.
★The option Indian Councils Act of 1892 is wrong, since it dealt with enlarging councils and a limited franchise.
★Railways in India had begun in 1853 with the first line from Bombay to Thane under Lord Dalhousie.
★The 1935 Act thus tried to give this large railway network a dedicated federal administrative body.
★For NET, fix the Federal Railway Authority, the Federal Court and the Reserve Bank as institutions provided for by the Government of India Act of 1935.
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