Political Science · Political Institutions in India
UGC NET 2023 Political Science
Which amongst these resolutions were not concerned with minority rights?
- 1. Nehru's constitutional Draft, 1928
- 2. Karachi resolution, 1931
- 3. The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce Act). Bill, 1986
- 4. Triple Talaq Bill, 2018
A1 & 2 only ✓ Correct
B2 & 3 only
C3 & 4 only
D1, 2 & 3 only
Correct answer: (A) 1 & 2 only — Among these, the resolutions not specifically concerned with minority rights are Nehru's Constitutional Draft of 1928 and the Karachi Resolution of 1931, which is option (1).
Explanation
★Among these, the resolutions not specifically concerned with minority rights are Nehru's Constitutional Draft of 1928 and the Karachi Resolution of 1931, which is option (1).
★Nehru's Constitutional Draft, that is the Nehru Report of 1928, was a broad blueprint for an Indian constitution rather than a minority focused document.
★Although the Nehru Report did touch on communal questions by proposing joint electorates with reserved seats, its main purpose was to outline a full constitutional framework.
★The Karachi Resolution of 1931 dealt with the fundamental rights and the economic programme of all citizens, promising equality without distinction of caste, creed or sex.
★Its focus was on universal civil and economic rights rather than the rights of any particular religious minority.
★By contrast, the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act of 1986 was specifically about the rights of Muslim women regarding maintenance after divorce.
★That Act was passed in the wake of the Shah Bano case and dealt directly with a minority community, so it is a minority rights measure.
★The Triple Talaq Bill of 2018 likewise addressed Muslim women by making instant triple talaq illegal and punishable, again a minority focused measure.
★So the two general, non minority documents are the 1928 Draft and the 1931 Karachi Resolution, while the 1986 Act and the 2018 Bill are minority specific.
★The Nehru Report is also remembered for being prepared by a committee under Motilal Nehru and for demanding Dominion Status.
★The Karachi Resolution is remembered as an early forerunner of the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of the Constitution.
★The Shah Bano case of 1985 is the backdrop to the 1986 Act and is a frequently tested companion fact.
★The 2018 measure later became the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act of 2019.
★The 1986 Act is widely seen as having diluted the Supreme Court's Shah Bano ruling on maintenance, which is why it is squarely a minority community matter.
★For NET, separate the general constitutional documents, the 1928 Nehru Report and the 1931 Karachi Resolution, from the minority specific laws, the 1986 Act and the 2018 triple talaq measure.
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