Which combination of teaching methods would encourage the learner-centred paradigm?
AIndividualized instruction and lecture method
BSimulation and demonstration
CLecture method and experimentation
DProjects and direct experiences ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Projects and direct experiences
Explanation
Projects and direct experiences make learners active investigators, so this combination best supports the learner-centred paradigm.
Individualized instruction with lecture mixes a learner-centred method with a teacher-centred one.
In simulation and demonstration, demonstration is largely teacher-shown, keeping learners as observers.
In lecture and experimentation, the lecture is teacher-centred and dilutes learner control.
The project method builds knowledge through purposeful real-life tasks carried out by learners.
John Dewey's principle of learning by doing underlies this experience-based, learner-centred approach.
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