Which of the following are indicators of external accountability for an institution of higher learning?

1.Provision for professional development of teachers

2.Utilization pattern of library and technical resources

3.Relevance of courses to societal needs

4.Performance of students in public examinations

5.Employment pattern of pass-out students

A1, 2 and 3 only

B2, 3 and 4 only

C3, 4 and 5 only ✓ Correct

D4, 5 and 1 only

Correct answer: (C) 3, 4 and 5 only

Explanation

Statement 3 is an external indicator, the relevance of courses to the needs of society.

Statement 4 is an external indicator, the performance of students in public examinations.

Statement 5 is an external indicator, the employment pattern of pass-out students.

Statement 1, the professional development of teachers, reflects internal rather than external accountability.

Statement 2, the use of library and technical resources, is likewise an internal indicator.

External accountability judges an institution by outcomes visible to society and stakeholders.

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