Which of the following are traditional approaches to communication?

1.Machine-to-machine

2.Machine-to-man

3.Rhetorical

4.Semiotic

5.Phenomenological

A1, 2 & 3 only

B1, 4 & 5 only

C2, 3 & 4 only

D3, 4 & 5 only ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) 3, 4 & 5 only

Explanation

The traditional approaches to communication among these are the rhetorical, the semiotic and the phenomenological.

Statement 3, rhetorical, is the practical art of discourse and persuasion.

Statement 4, semiotic, treats communication as mediation through signs.

Statement 5, phenomenological, sees it as the experience of dialogue with others.

Machine-to-machine exchange belongs to technical, not traditional human, approaches.

Machine-to-man exchange is likewise a technological framing outside the classic traditions.

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