Which of the following are true about Waste-to-Energy incineration? Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1.It serves the dual purpose of disposing municipal solid waste and producing energy.

2.It produces fly ash.

3.It produces bottom ash.

4.It generates a high level toxic air pollutant, dioxin.

5.It produces toxic metals such as lead and mercury.

A1, 3, 4, 5 only

B1, 2, 4, 5 only

C2, 3 only

D1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Explanation

Waste-to-energy incineration disposes of solid waste while producing energy, yet it also yields fly ash, bottom ash, dioxin and toxic metals, so all five statements are true.

Statement 1 holds because incineration serves the dual aim of disposing waste and generating energy.

Statement 2 holds because it produces fine fly ash carried in the flue gases.

Statement 3 holds because it leaves heavier bottom ash in the furnace.

Statement 4 holds because incomplete or chlorinated burning generates the toxic pollutant dioxin.

Statements 5 holds because toxic metals such as lead and mercury are released, calling for strict emission controls.

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