Which of the following cannot be treated as a folk tradition of communication in India?

Cinema cannot be treated as a folk tradition of communication in India because it is a modern mass medium.

Folk traditions are indigenous, performance-based and community-rooted forms passed down orally.

Jatra is a traditional Bengali open-air folk theatre carrying story and song to village audiences.

Ramleela is a folk dramatic enactment of the Ramayana performed collectively in local settings.

Kumbh Mela is a traditional mass gathering that functions as a folk channel of shared cultural communication.

Cinema, by contrast, is a technology-driven, industrially produced medium and stands apart from folk forms.

Folk media in India are prized for their reach among rural, oral communities.