Which of the following is/are NOT true:
1.The presence of the middle term in the minor term is called pakṣadharmatā.
2.The knowledge of pakṣadharmatā as qualified by vyāpti is called upamiti.
3.Indian logic does not separate deduction from induction.
4.Pakṣatā is the nature of the subject in an inference.
A4 only
B1 & 2 only
C1 & 3 only
D2 only ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) 2 only
Explanation
The only statement that is not true is that the knowledge of pakshadharmata as qualified by vyapti is called upamiti.
The cognition of the reason present in the subject and qualified by the pervasion is called paramarsha, which leads to inferential knowledge (anumiti).
Upamiti is instead the knowledge got from comparison (upamana), so the naming in Statement 2 is wrong.
The presence of the middle term in the minor term is correctly named pakshadharmata.
Indian logic does not split deduction from induction, and pakshata is indeed the character of the subject in an inference.
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