Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
UGC NET December 2021 June 2022 (09.07.2022) Shift-II
Which of the following is defined as a type of irrelevant conclusion fallacy in which a distracting element is introduced to obscure an opponent's position?
AAn appeal to emotion
BAppeal to inappropriate authority
CArgument ad hominem
DRed herring ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Red herring — The described fallacy is the red herring, so option D is correct.
Explanation
★The described fallacy is the red herring, so option D is correct.
★A red herring introduces an irrelevant point to distract from the real issue.
★It redirects the discussion away from the opponent actual position.
★It is classed as a fallacy of irrelevant conclusion, or ignoratio elenchi.
★An appeal to emotion sways by feelings, while ad hominem attacks the person.
★An appeal to inappropriate authority cites an unqualified source as proof.
★The defining trait of a red herring is the deliberate diversion from the topic.
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