Which of the following major initiatives have been taken by the UGC with a mission to address ethical practices in research and publications?

1.Jeevan Kaushal

2.Mulya Pravah

3.GARP, the Guidance Document on Good Academic and Research Practices

4.CARE, the Consortium for Academic and Research Ethics

5.DIKSHA, Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing

A1, 3 & 5 only

B1, 2, 3 & 4 only

C2, 3 & 4 only ✓ Correct

D2 & 5 only

Correct answer: (C) 2, 3 & 4 only

Explanation

The UGC's ethics initiatives here are Mulya Pravah, GARP and CARE.

Statement 2, Mulya Pravah, gives guidelines on human values and ethics in institutions.

Statement 3, GARP, is the guidance document on good academic and research practices.

Statement 4, CARE, is the consortium built to promote academic and research ethics.

Statement 1, Jeevan Kaushal, is a life-skills curriculum, not a research-ethics measure.

Statement 5, DIKSHA, is a school digital platform, unrelated to research ethics.

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