Political Science · Political Theory
UGC NET January 2025 Political Science
Which of the following pairs are matched properly? Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
- 1. Sustainable Development: Development that meets the needs of the present only.
- 2. Patriarchy: The power relationship between men and women.
- 3. Holism: The whole is more important than it's part.
- 4. Fascism: Support for freedom of expression.
- 5. Deep Ecology: Rejection of anthropocentrism.
A1, 2 and 3 only
B2, 3 and 5 only ✓ Correct
C3, 4 and 5 only
D1, 4 and 5 only
Correct answer: (B) 2, 3 and 5 only — The properly matched pairs are patriarchy, holism and deep ecology, so the combination 2, 3 and 5.
Explanation
★The properly matched pairs are patriarchy, holism and deep ecology, so the combination 2, 3 and 5.
★Pair 1 is wrong by one word: the Brundtland Commission report Our Common Future (1987) defines sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs; 'present only' deletes the future-generations clause that is the whole point.
★Pair 2 is correct: patriarchy names the power relationship in which men dominate women; Kate Millett's Sexual Politics (1970) made it the central analytic term of radical feminism.
★Pair 3 is correct: holism holds that the whole is greater than and prior to its parts; the term was coined by Jan Smuts in Holism and Evolution (1926), and ecologism is a holistic ideology because it treats ecosystems, not individuals, as the unit of concern.
★Pair 4 is wrong: fascism is an authoritarian, ultranationalist ideology built on the leader principle; it suppresses freedom of expression rather than supporting it.
★Pair 5 is correct: deep ecology, Arne Naess's term from 1973, rejects anthropocentrism and asserts the intrinsic value of all living beings.
★Syllabus bridge: the Brundtland definition itself, the year 1987, and the chair Gro Harlem Brundtland are each standalone NET facts.
★Trap: definition pairs in NET are usually falsified by a single inserted or deleted word, so read 'only', 'never' and 'without' clauses twice.
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