Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
Which of the following should be considered the two fundamental requirements for inference?
- Awareness of paksadharmata, the inferential mark qualifying the locus of the inference
- Vyapti, the sign's invariable concomitance with the target property or probandum
- Hetvabhasa
A1 and 2 ✓ Correct
B2 and 3
C1 and 3
DNone of the above
Correct answer: (A) 1 and 2 — Statements 1 and 2 are the two fundamental requirements, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★Statements 1 and 2 are the two fundamental requirements, so that is the answer.
★Paksadharmata ensures the mark is actually present in the locus.
★Vyapti ensures the mark is invariably tied to the probandum.
★Together these make the inference valid.
★Hetvabhasa is a fallacy, not a requirement, so statement 3 is excluded.
★So the answer is 1 and 2.
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