A photograph constitutes a/an:

AProtective text

BRefined text

CClosed text

DOpen text ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) Open text

Explanation

A photograph constitutes an open text, one that invites many readings and remains open to the viewer's interpretation.

A protective text is not a recognised category for the image and does not fit this openness.

A refined text likewise names no established textual type for a photograph.

A closed text steers the reader toward a single fixed meaning, the opposite of a photograph's interpretive openness.

Images carry polysemy, letting different audiences draw different meanings.

Eco's distinction between open and closed texts underlies this reading.

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