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Given below are two premises with four conclusions drawn from them. Premises: (a) Some rings are bells. (b) No ring is an ornament. Which of the following conclusions can be validly drawn from the premises?

AAll bells are ornaments
BSome ornaments are not bells
CNo ring is a bell
DAll bells are not ornaments ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) All bells are not ornaments
Explanation

From the premises it validly follows that some bells are not ornaments.

Statement 1 tells us that at least some rings are bells.

Statement 2 tells us that no ring is an ornament at all.

Those rings that are bells therefore cannot be ornaments.

So there exist bells, namely these rings, which are not ornaments.

A particular negative about bells and ornaments is the only valid conclusion here.

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