Given below are two statements. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Statement I:In cross-sectional research, the researcher studies the same population over time.
Statement II:In a retrospective study, the researcher relies on people's memories and recollections of the past.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
BBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
CStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
DStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Explanation
Statement one is incorrect and statement two is correct about study designs.
Statement one errs because studying the same population over time describes longitudinal, not cross-sectional, research.
Cross-sectional research instead observes a population at a single point in time.
Statement two is correct because retrospective studies rely on participants' memories of past events.
Recall of the past is the defining feature that distinguishes retrospective from prospective work.
Retrospective designs are quick but vulnerable to recall bias.
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