Identify the disadvantages of closed-ended questions in survey research:

1.It is difficult to make forced-choice answers exhaustive

2.There is loss of spontaneity in respondents' answers

3.They are time-consuming for interviewers to administer

AI and II only ✓ Correct

BII and III only

CI and III only

D1, 2, 3

Correct answer: (A) I and II only

Explanation

The disadvantages of closed questions are the difficulty of making forced choices exhaustive and the loss of spontaneity.

Statement 1 is a true drawback, since fixed options may fail to cover every possible answer.

Statement 2 is a true drawback, since preset choices strip respondents of their spontaneous wording.

Statement 3 is false, because being time-consuming to administer is a feature of open, not closed, questions.

Closed questions are in fact quick and easy for interviewers to record and code.

Their speed and easy coding are the very advantages that offset these two disadvantages.

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