In which of the following types of research are attempts made to establish context-free generalizations?

Experimental studies seek context-free, generalisable laws by controlling conditions to isolate cause and effect.

Phenomenology explores the lived, context-bound meaning of experience from the participant's viewpoint.

Grounded theory builds concepts inductively from data set within its own social context.

Symbolic interactionism studies meaning as it arises in situated everyday interaction.

The nomothetic aim of experiments contrasts with the idiographic, context-rich goals of qualitative approaches.

Random assignment and manipulation give experiments their power to generalise across settings.