Match List I (Non-probability sampling) with List II (Characteristic).

List I

i.Snowball

ii.Purposive

iii.Quota

iv.Convenience

List II

a.Handpicked cases on the basis of specific usability

b.Equivalent of stratified sampling

c.Choosing the nearest individuals to serve as respondents

d.Identify other respondents with the help of initial respondents

Ai-a, ii-c, iii-b, iv-d

Bi-d, ii-a, iii-b, iv-c ✓ Correct

Ci-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a

Di-a, ii-b, iii-d, iv-c

Correct answer: (B) i-d, ii-a, iii-b, iv-c

Explanation

Snowball sampling identifies further respondents through the help of initial respondents, matching i with d.

Purposive sampling handpicks cases on the basis of their specific usability, matching ii with a.

Quota sampling works as the non-probability equivalent of stratified sampling, matching iii with b.

Convenience sampling chooses the nearest available individuals as respondents, matching iv with c.

Options that send purposive to nearest cases or convenience to handpicked usability confuse the two logics.

All four are non-probability methods, so they do not permit calculation of sampling error.

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