Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
UGC NET December 2023 (11.12.2023) Shift-I
'No one has ever been able to prove that glaciers in the Arctic region are melting because of global warming. Therefore, glaciers in the Arctic region must be melting on their own.' Which fallacy is committed in the above statement?
AFallacy of Accident
BSlippery slope
CHasty Generalisation
DAppeal to ignorance ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Appeal to ignorance — The statement commits the appeal to ignorance fallacy, so the answer is appeal to ignorance.
Explanation
★The statement commits the appeal to ignorance fallacy, so the answer is appeal to ignorance.
★Appeal to ignorance argues a claim is true only because it has not been proven false.
★Here the lack of proof that warming melts the glaciers is taken to prove they melt on their own.
★Absence of evidence is wrongly treated as evidence of the opposite.
★It is also called the burden of proof fallacy.
★Accident, slippery slope and hasty generalisation describe different errors, not this one.
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