Online platforms make teaching and learning a sub-type of:

Online platforms make teaching and learning a sub-type of alternative education, offering learning outside the conventional face-to-face classroom.

Technology-induced diversion frames technology as a distraction, missing its educational role here.

Complex learning culture is a vague label that does not classify online teaching-learning.

Commercial collaboration reduces education to a business tie-up, misreading the purpose of online platforms.

Alternative education covers modes outside mainstream schooling, such as open, distance and online learning.

MOOCs like SWAYAM exemplify such technology-enabled alternative education.