Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
'People have seen ghosts for centuries, and no one has proved that ghosts do not exist. Therefore, ghosts are real.' This indicates which fallacy?
AArgument from ignorance (ad ignorantiam) ✓ Correct
BAd hominem
CBegging the question
DRed herring
Correct answer: (A) Argument from ignorance (ad ignorantiam) — This is the argument from ignorance, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★This is the argument from ignorance, so that is the answer.
★It concludes ghosts are real just because their non-existence is unproven.
★Lack of disproof is treated as if it were proof.
★But failure to disprove a claim does not establish it.
★This appeal to ignorance is the ad ignorantiam fallacy.
★So the answer is argument from ignorance.
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