Pramana is a means of acquiring prama, that is certain and true knowledge. In the list of the six Pramanas, which of the following have NOT been correctly identified?

1.Pratyaksha, perception

2.Anumana, inference

3.Upamana, comparison and analogy

4.Arthapatti, implication

5.Anupalabdhi, apprehension

6.Sabda, non-verbal testimony

A1 and 3

B2, 3 and 4

C5 and 6 ✓ Correct

D2, 4 and 6

Correct answer: (C) 5 and 6

Explanation

The fifth and sixth entries misdescribe Anupalabdhi and Sabda.

Anupalabdhi is non-apprehension, the knowing of absence, not 'apprehension'.

Sabda is verbal testimony, not 'non-verbal testimony'.

The first four (perception, inference, comparison, implication) are correctly named.

Hence the two faulty identifications are Anupalabdhi and Sabda.

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