Around the age of 2, children have a sense of intention, at least of their own intentions. They will announce, I wanna peanut butter sandwich. As children develop a theory of mind, they also can understand that other people have intentions of their own.
Older pre-schoolers who get along well with their peers can separate intentional from unintentional actions and react accordingly. For example, they will not get angry when another child accidentally knocks over their block tower.
But aggressive children have more trouble assessing intention. They are likely to attack anyone who topples their tower, even accidentally. As children mature they are more able to assess and consider the intentions of others.
Understanding how others feel is important in which of the following?
Understanding how others feel helps develop empathy, reduce prejudice, resolve conflict and enhance cooperation, so the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 5.
Sensing others' feelings is the basis of empathy, matching item 1.
It softens fixed negative views and so reduces prejudice, matching item 2.
It helps people settle disputes, aiding conflict resolution, matching item 3.
It builds mutual understanding, enhancing cooperation, matching item 5.
It does not encourage selfishness, which works against understanding others.
So the answer is items 1, 2, 3 and 5.
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