Which of the following are NOT characteristics of conventional learning? Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1.Emphasis on self-directed learning and independent study

2.Students learn through listening and observation

3.No fixed curriculum

4.Learner oriented

5.Requires regular attendance

A2 and 5 only

B1 and 5 only

C1, 3 and 4 only ✓ Correct

D2 and 3 only

Correct answer: (C) 1, 3 and 4 only

Explanation

Self-directed learning, no fixed curriculum and learner orientation are NOT features of conventional learning.

Emphasis on self-directed learning (item 1) belongs to modern, not conventional, teaching.

No fixed curriculum (item 3) contradicts conventional learning's set syllabus.

Learner oriented (item 4) is false; conventional learning is teacher-centred.

Learning through listening and observation (item 2) is a genuine conventional trait.

Requiring regular attendance (item 5) is likewise a genuine conventional trait.

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