Which of the following are NOT examples of positive transfer of learning? Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1.Learning the piano makes learning the violin more difficult.

2.Proficiency in algebra helps in understanding calculus.

3.Knowing how to drive a car makes learning to ride a bicycle more difficult.

4.Learning to speak French interferes with learning Spanish.

A2, 4 only

B1, 3, 4 only ✓ Correct

C3, 4 only

D1, 3 only

Correct answer: (B) 1, 3, 4 only

Explanation

Statements 1, 3 and 4 describe negative transfer, where prior learning hinders new learning, so they are NOT positive transfer.

Learning the piano making the violin harder is interference between two skills, a negative transfer.

Knowing how to drive a car making cycling harder is a case of one habit obstructing another, negative transfer.

Learning French interfering with Spanish is negative transfer between similar languages.

Statement 2, algebra helping calculus, is genuine positive transfer, so it is excluded from the answer.

Positive transfer aids new learning, negative transfer obstructs it, and both are studied under transfer of training.

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