Paper 1 · Research Aptitude
Which of the following descriptions is true in the context of defining 'theory'?
AAn organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular phenomenon ✓ Correct
BA single fact that needs no explanation
CA random guess with no supporting evidence
DSomething that is always contradictory to related generalizations
Correct answer: (A) An organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular phenomenon — A theory is an organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a phenomenon, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★A theory is an organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a phenomenon, so that is the answer.
★A theory ties together concepts and principles into an ordered system.
★Its purpose is to explain a particular phenomenon and to guide further research.
★A single fact needing no explanation is not a theory, which by nature explains.
★A random guess without evidence is a mere conjecture, not an organized theory.
★A theory is not always contradictory to generalizations; rather it organizes and supports sound generalizations.
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