Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
UGC NET December 2021 June 2022 (11.07.2022) Shift-II
Which of the following fallacies involves defective induction?
AFallacy of composition
BFallacy of division
CThe argument from ignorance ✓ Correct
DIrrelevant conclusion
Correct answer: (C) The argument from ignorance — The argument from ignorance is a fallacy of defective induction, so option C is correct.
Explanation
★The argument from ignorance is a fallacy of defective induction, so option C is correct.
★Fallacies of defective induction draw a conclusion on evidence that is too weak to support it.
★The argument from ignorance treats absence of proof as if it were positive evidence.
★Because the premises fail to warrant the conclusion, the induction is defective.
★Composition and division are fallacies of relating parts and wholes, not defective induction.
★Irrelevant conclusion argues to a point beside the one at issue, a fallacy of relevance.
★Classifying fallacies into groups such as relevance, induction, and ambiguity aids recognition.
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