Which of the following is a benefit of using rubrics for evaluation?

Using rubrics increases consistency in grading, because every response is judged against the same stated criteria.

Shared criteria reduce variation between different markers and across different students.

Greater ease of grading is not the main benefit, since building and applying detailed rubrics takes effort.

Rubrics reduce, rather than increase, subjectivity by making judgement explicit.

Test security concerns keeping papers confidential and is unrelated to rubrics.

Rubrics may be analytic, scoring each criterion, or holistic, giving one overall judgement.