Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
UGC NET December 2022 (11.03.2023) Shift-II (Computer)
Which of the following statements are contradictory to each other?
- All human beings are mortal
- No human beings are mortal
- Some human beings are mortal
- Some human beings are not mortal
A1 & 2 only
B2 & 3 only ✓ Correct
C3 & 4 only
D2 & 4 only
Correct answer: (B) 2 & 3 only — The contradictory pair is No human beings are mortal and Some human beings are mortal, so the answer is 2 and 3.
Explanation
★The contradictory pair is No human beings are mortal and Some human beings are mortal, so the answer is 2 and 3.
★Two contradictory statements always have opposite truth values.
★No human beings are mortal is the universal negative, item 2.
★Some human beings are mortal is the particular affirmative, item 3.
★The universal negative and the particular affirmative are exact contradictories.
★So they cannot both be true and cannot both be false.
★So the answer is items 2 and 3.
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