Identify the advantages of close-ended questions in survey research. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1.They allow unusual responses to be derived

2.It is easy to process their answers

3.They reduce the possibility of variability in the recording of answers

4.Standard deviation

A1 and 2 only

B2 and 3 only ✓ Correct

C1 and 3 only

D1, 2 and 3

Correct answer: (B) 2 and 3 only

Explanation

Close-ended questions make answers easy to process and reduce variability in how replies are recorded.

Statement two holds because fixed options can be coded and tabulated quickly.

Statement three holds because predefined choices standardise the recording of responses.

Statement one, allowing unusual responses, actually describes open-ended questions, not closed ones.

Statement four, standard deviation, is a dispersion measure and irrelevant to question format.

Closed questions ease comparison across respondents but may miss unexpected views.

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