Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
UGC NET December 2021 June 2022 (20.09.2022) Shift-II
In the classical square of opposition, if 'All S is P' is given as false, then which of the following could be immediately inferred from it?
- 'No S is P' is true
- 'Some S is not P' is false
- 'Some S is not P' is true
- 'No S is P' is undetermined
- 'Some S is P' is undetermined
A1, 3 and 5 only
B3, 4 and 5 only ✓ Correct
C2, 4 and 5 only
D1, 2 and 5 only
Correct answer: (B) 3, 4 and 5 only — The answer is 3, 4 and 5.
Explanation
★The answer is 3, 4 and 5.
★If 'All S is P' is false, its contradictory 'Some S is not P' must be true, which is item 3.
★The falsity of the universal affirmative leaves 'No S is P' undetermined, which is item 4.
★It also leaves 'Some S is P' undetermined, which is item 5.
★The claims that 'No S is P' is true and that 'Some S is not P' is false do not follow, so items 1 and 2 are excluded.
★So the inferences are the third, fourth and fifth.
★So the answer is 3, 4 and 5.
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