Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
UGC NET December 2021 June 2022 (20.09.2022) Shift-II
'a, b, c and d all have the attributes P and Q. Therefore d probably has the attribute R.' Which of the following is true regarding the above argument?
- It is a deductive argument
- It is an inductive argument
- It is an analogical argument
- It is a valid argument
- It is an invalid argument
A2 and 3 only ✓ Correct
B1 and 4 only
C2 and 4 only
D2 and 5 only
Correct answer: (A) 2 and 3 only — The answer is 2 and 3.
Explanation
★The answer is 2 and 3.
★The argument reasons from shared attributes to a probable further attribute, so it is inductive, which is item 2.
★It infers a likeness in one respect from likenesses in others, so it is analogical, which is item 3.
★Because the conclusion is only probable, calling it deductive or valid or invalid in the strict sense does not apply, so items 1, 4 and 5 are excluded.
★So the argument is both inductive and analogical.
★That is the correct description of it.
★So the answer is 2 and 3.
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