Inductive reasoning is based on which of the following?

1.Uniformity of nature

2.A theory-to-observation approach

3.Aristotle was basically in favour of inductive reasoning

4.An observation-to-theory approach

A1 and 4 ✓ Correct

B1, 2, 3 and 4

C3 and 4

D2 and 3

Correct answer: (A) 1 and 4

Explanation

Inductive reasoning rests on the uniformity of nature and follows an observation-to-theory approach (Statements 1 and 4).

The assumed regularity of nature lets observed cases warrant a general conclusion.

Induction begins from particular observations and rises to a theory or generalisation.

A theory-to-observation direction describes deduction, not induction, so that claim fails.

Aristotle is chiefly associated with deductive syllogistic logic, not with championing induction.

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