Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Assertion (A):An argument can never be valid, if all the premises are false and conclusion is false as well.

Reason (R):If an argument is valid and its premises are true, we may be certain that its conclusion is true also.

ABoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

BBoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

CA is correct but R is not correct

DA is not correct but R is correct ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) A is not correct but R is correct

Explanation

Validity depends on form, not on the actual truth of premises, so a valid argument can have all false premises and a false conclusion.

For instance, All cats are dogs, All dogs are fish, therefore all cats are fish keeps a valid shape while every part is false.

This shows Assertion A is mistaken.

Reason R is true, since a valid argument whose premises are all true must yield a true conclusion.

That combination of validity plus true premises is what makes an argument sound.

In this way a correct Reason stands beside an incorrect Assertion.

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