Match List I (Modalities of Teaching Implementation) with List II:

List I

i.Instruction

ii.Training

iii.Conditioning

iv.Indoctrination

List II

a.One-way imposition of ideas from the teacher to the students

b.Associative presentation of ideas from teacher to students

c.Disciplined drill conducted by the teacher

d.Active interchange of ideas between teacher and students

Ai-b, ii-a, iii-d, iv-c

Bi-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d

Ci-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a ✓ Correct

Di-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b

Correct answer: (C) i-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a

Explanation

Instruction (i) is an active interchange of ideas between teacher and students (d), a two-way process.

Training (ii) is a disciplined drill conducted by the teacher (c) to build skill through repetition.

Conditioning (iii) is an associative presentation of ideas from teacher to students (b), linking stimulus and response.

Indoctrination (iv) is a one-way imposition of ideas from the teacher to the students (a), leaving no room for questioning.

These modalities range from the most open, instruction, to the most closed, indoctrination.

Instruction aims at understanding and free enquiry, whereas indoctrination fixes beliefs that are not to be questioned.

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