Match List I with List II:

List I

i.Mind maps

ii.Gamifications

iii.Flipped classrooms

iv.ICT based teaching method

List II

a.Allow students to explore the lesson before the teacher describes it

b.Virtual reality

c.Use of self-learning tools

d.Learning through using quizzes

Ai-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d

Bi-d, ii-a, iii-c, iv-b

Ci-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b ✓ Correct

Di-b, ii-c, iii-d, iv-a

Correct answer: (C) i-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b

Explanation

Mind maps (i) are a use of self-learning tools (c), letting learners organize ideas visually on their own.

Gamification (ii) is learning through the use of quizzes (d) and game elements that reward progress.

The flipped classroom (iii) allows students to explore the lesson before the teacher describes it (a), reversing the usual order.

ICT based teaching (iv) uses virtual reality (b) and other digital media to deliver content.

All four are learner-centred methods that shift activity from the teacher to the student.

The flipped classroom was popularized by Jonathan Bergmann and Aaron Sams around 2007.

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