Match List I (Term) with List II (Meaning) and choose the correct answer from the options given below.

List I

i.Decision making

ii.Confirmation bias

iii.Belief perseverance

iv.Overconfidence bias

List II

a.The tendency to hold on to a belief in the face of contradictory evidence

b.The tendency to have more confidence in judgments and decisions than we should based on probability

c.The tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them

d.Evaluating alternatives and making choices among them

Ai-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d

Bi-b, ii-c, iii-d, iv-a

Ci-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b

Di-d, ii-c, iii-a, iv-b ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) i-d, ii-c, iii-a, iv-b

Explanation

The correct match is decision making with evaluating and choosing among alternatives, confirmation bias with seeking supporting information, belief perseverance with clinging to a belief against contrary evidence, and overconfidence bias with excess confidence relative to probability.

Decision making is the process of evaluating alternatives and making choices among them.

Confirmation bias is the tendency to seek and use information that supports existing ideas.

Belief perseverance is holding a belief despite contradictory evidence.

Overconfidence bias is having more confidence in judgments than probability warrants.

These cognitive biases systematically distort reasoning and research judgment.

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