When we separate social phenomena from social actors, it is known as

Objectivism is the ontological position that treats social phenomena as existing independently of the social actors involved.

It holds that structures like organisations and culture confront individuals as external, given facts.

Positivism is an epistemology about applying natural science methods, not this ontological separation.

Relativism denies any single objective reality and ties truth to particular standpoints.

Subjectivism argues that social phenomena are created through the perceptions and actions of actors.

The opposite ontological position to objectivism is constructionism, where actors continually build social reality.