Which of the following statements are true? Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1.An argument is sound if it is valid and has only two premises.

2.In an argument, the truth of its conclusion itself determines its validity.

3.Some valid arguments have false premises and a true conclusion.

4.Some invalid arguments have false premises and a false conclusion.

A1, 3, 4 only ✓ Correct

B1, 2, 3 only

C2, 3 only

D1, 2, 4 only

Correct answer: (A) 1, 3, 4 only

Explanation

Because validity is a matter of logical form, it allows a valid argument to have false premises alongside a true conclusion.

This is why the claim that some valid arguments have false premises and a true conclusion holds.

Invalidity imposes no restriction, so an invalid argument may pair false premises with a false conclusion, and that claim holds too.

Soundness is defined as validity together with premises that are all actually true.

Truth of the conclusion by itself never settles whether an argument is valid.

Validity and soundness thus turn on form and premise-truth, not on the mere truth of a conclusion.

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