Consider the following syllogism. Which step will be designated as 'Upanaya' in this syllogism?

1.This hill has fire

2.Because it has smoke

3.Whatever has smoke has fire

4.This hill has smoke which is invariably associated with fire

5.Therefore this hill has fire

AI and II only

BII and III only

CIV only ✓ Correct

DV only

Correct answer: (C) IV only

Explanation

The step designated Upanaya is Statement 4 only.

Upanaya is the application of the universal rule to the present case.

Statement 4 states that this hill has smoke invariably associated with fire.

It brings the example's general rule back onto the particular hill.

This linking of the mark on the paksha with the established vyapti is the application.

In the five-membered syllogism that applying member is called Upanaya.

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